Aristolochia pentandra Jacq.
Descripción
Climbing. Petioles (1.3–)2.5–4.5 cm long. Leaf blades cordiform, hastate to trilobate, apex attenuate, base auriculate, (2.0–)3.0–11.0 long (1.0–)2.5–7.0(11.0) wide cm. Flowers axillary, solitary; peduncle (0.3–)0.4–0.5 cm long. Bract lanceolate. Perianth (2.5–)3.0–5.0(6.0) cm long; utricle oblate to obovoid, gibbous; tube bent 125º–145º, tubular, basally widened; limb lanceolate, emarginate at the apex, cordate at the base; limb color vinaceous toward the apex.A
Nombres comunes
(Nuevo León): Hierba del IndioA (Oaxaca): To-nu-tze-cho-siA (Quintana Roo): Raíz de GuacoA (Tabasco): CamotilloA, GuacoA (Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave): Camote de VíboraA, CamotilloA, GuacoA, Mata de dolorA (Yucatán): ChanuahkoA, GuacoA, MehenuahkoA Maya (Quintana Roo): Chan- wah-kóA Maya (Tabasco): ChanuahkoA Maya (Yucatán): WahkohA, WakoA Popoloca: Paj-mynA
Distribución
México (país) NativoA
Categoría IUCN
No incluidaB
Categoría NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010
No incluidaC
Usos (notas)
Nuevo León: the root is used as a stomach tonic, the powder is often sprinkled to clean wounds and accelerate their healing; Oaxaca: the root is ground and used to treat diarrhea; infusion of A. pentandra combined with dehydrated Zingiber officinale Roscoe is used to treat vomiting; Tabasco: the root is combined with “Itamo real” (not specified by the author but could be Aristolochia glossa Pfeifer or A. mycteria Pfeifer) and “cedrón” (Aloysia citrodora Paláu) to treat digestion problems; the root with leaves of turkey snot (Salvia leucantha Cav.) and salt are used against stomach pain and “empacho” (indigestion related condition), the root boiled alone against diarrhea; the root and its liana are chewed to relieve “aventazón” (abdominal swelling or distention) and treat gyneco-obstetric disorders. The roots are administered as tea to relieve pain during pregnancy and combined with rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus Spenn.), chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile (L.), All.), peppermint (Mentha sp.), rue (Ruta graveolens L.), and cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum J. Presl) to control excess flow during labor and to treat or prevent skin diseases, flu, and cough. Veracruz: the root is used against snakebites, as antidiarrheal and as analgesic; Yucatán: against snakebites, given as a tonic as a febrifuge, for its antirheumatic actions, as an emmenagogue, against gout and used for its activity on the nervous system to relieve neuralgia (Heinrich et al. 2009); the root is also used to relieve gas in children’s stomachs and to cure the “mal viento” (“bad wind,” being short of breath, believed to be caused by evil spirits) A
Bibliografía
A. Paizanni Guillén, A. & D. Douterlungne Rotsaert 2023: Aristolochia spp. Aristolochiaceae. In: Casas A. et al. (eds.). Ethnobotany of the Mountain Regions of Mexico. Springer, pp. 1081–1137. – In: Casas A. et al. (eds.). Ethnobotany of the Mountain Regions of Mexico. – Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77089-5_29-1