Agrostis subpatens Hitchc.
Descripción
Plants perennial, caespitose. Tillers extravaginal, with cataphylls. Culms up to 30 cm long, erect, decumbent at the base, nodes 1–2, glabrous, internodes glabrous. Leaves mostly basal; sheaths 1–6 cm long, longer or shorter than the internodes, glabrous or scaberulous; ligules 2–3(5) mm long, longer than wide, dorsally scaberulous, apices acute, often lacerate; blades 2.2–10(15) cm long, 0.4–0.8 mm wide, filiform, conduplicate to convolute, sometimes flat at the base, scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles 5–11.5 cm long, 0.5–4 cm wide, contracted to open, somewhat lax, linear to lanceolate, exserted from the upper sheaths; branches appressed to ascending, rebranching about mid-length or below, scaberulous, without spikelets near their base, inferior branches up to 2.8 cm long cm long; pedicels 2–7 mm long, usually longer than the spikelets, appressed to ascending, scaberulous. Spikelets 2.1–3 mm long, purplish; glumes subequal to unequal, lanceolate, apices acute to shortly acuminate, 1-veined, scaberulous on the keel, lower glume 2.1–3 mm long, upper glume 1.9–2.8 mm long; callus pubescent, with 2 bunches of trichomes; lemmas 1.3–2.2 mm long, elliptic, apices toothed, 5-veined, veins prominent distally, awned near the base, awn 3–3.5 mm long, weakly geniculate, reaching the lemma apices; paleas absent; anthers 3, 0.9– 1.5 mm long. Caryopsis 0.8–1.5 mm long, elliptic; endosperm solid. 2n= 28 (Pohl and Davidse 1971).
Anatomy and micromorphology. Leaf blades convolute to v-shaped in transversal section; adaxial furrows deep, narrow; adaxial ribs rounded to triangular; keel absent; first order bundles circular in outline, sheath not interrupted, abaxial and adaxial sclerenchyma in strands; second order bundles circular in outline, sheath not interrupted, abaxial and adaxial sclerenchyma in strands; intercostal sclerenchyma present, abaxial; leaf margins with well-developed sclerenchyma caps, rounded; colorless cells absent (Fig. 31F, G). Lemmas with transversal thickenings irregular to oblong, wider than the unthickened portion of the wall; prickle hairs abundant (Fig. 32C).A
Anatomy and micromorphology. Leaf blades convolute to v-shaped in transversal section; adaxial furrows deep, narrow; adaxial ribs rounded to triangular; keel absent; first order bundles circular in outline, sheath not interrupted, abaxial and adaxial sclerenchyma in strands; second order bundles circular in outline, sheath not interrupted, abaxial and adaxial sclerenchyma in strands; intercostal sclerenchyma present, abaxial; leaf margins with well-developed sclerenchyma caps, rounded; colorless cells absent (Fig. 31F, G). Lemmas with transversal thickenings irregular to oblong, wider than the unthickened portion of the wall; prickle hairs abundant (Fig. 32C).A
Floración
(Jan–)Aug–SepA
Forma de crecimiento
HierbaA
Ejemplar revisado
Type. Costa Rica. Cerro de la Muerte, 3100 m alt., Jan 1897, H. Pittier 10470 (holotype: US (US00131113); isotype: G (G00192032 [image!])).
Specimens examined. Guatemala. Chimaltenango: Municipio Acatenango, slopes of Volcán de Acatenango, above Las Calderas, [14.52463248°N, 90.87729338°W], 2900 m alt., 3 Jun 1939, P.C. Standley 61878 (F). Huehuetenango: Municipio Chiantla, Llano de Tsajualá, 3170 m alt., 26 Aug 1976, D.N. Smith 383 (F); cerca del cementerio, aldea San Nicolás, [15.43172006°N, 91.43878244°W], 3090 m alt., 3 Sep 1976, D.N. Smith 430 (F). Municipio To dos Santos Cuchumatán, Cerro Alto entre Llano de San Miguel y Todos Santos Cuchumatán, [15.54382199°N, 91.57855143°W], 3790 m alt., 29 Aug 1976, D.N. Smith 411 (F); near Tojquiá, summit of Sierra de los Cuchumatanes, [15.54360741°N, 91.56627528°W], 3700 m alt., 7 Aug 1942, J.A. Steyermark 50230 (F, US). Mexico. Chiapas: Municipio Siltepec, on the N and W slope of cerro Mozotal below the microwave tower along the road from Huixtla to El Porvenir and Siltepec, [15.4275°N, 92.341944°W], 3000 m alt., 19 Sep 1976, D.E. Breedlove 40355 (DS, MEXU [*, **]).A
Specimens examined. Guatemala. Chimaltenango: Municipio Acatenango, slopes of Volcán de Acatenango, above Las Calderas, [14.52463248°N, 90.87729338°W], 2900 m alt., 3 Jun 1939, P.C. Standley 61878 (F). Huehuetenango: Municipio Chiantla, Llano de Tsajualá, 3170 m alt., 26 Aug 1976, D.N. Smith 383 (F); cerca del cementerio, aldea San Nicolás, [15.43172006°N, 91.43878244°W], 3090 m alt., 3 Sep 1976, D.N. Smith 430 (F). Municipio To dos Santos Cuchumatán, Cerro Alto entre Llano de San Miguel y Todos Santos Cuchumatán, [15.54382199°N, 91.57855143°W], 3790 m alt., 29 Aug 1976, D.N. Smith 411 (F); near Tojquiá, summit of Sierra de los Cuchumatanes, [15.54360741°N, 91.56627528°W], 3700 m alt., 7 Aug 1942, J.A. Steyermark 50230 (F, US). Mexico. Chiapas: Municipio Siltepec, on the N and W slope of cerro Mozotal below the microwave tower along the road from Huixtla to El Porvenir and Siltepec, [15.4275°N, 92.341944°W], 3000 m alt., 19 Sep 1976, D.E. Breedlove 40355 (DS, MEXU [*, **]).A
Distribución
Costa Rica presentB, Guatemala presentB, México (Country) nativeB: Chiapas present; Distrito Federal present; Hidalgo present; Jalisco present; Michoacán de Ocampo present; México present; Oaxaca present; Puebla present; Querétaro de Arteaga present; Tlaxcala present; Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave present
Elevación
2900–3790 mA
Ecología y Hábitat
Agrostis subpatens is distributed from Chiapas, Mexico to Costa Rica (Pohl and Davidse 1994). It has also been reported from Venezuela (Luteyn 1999). In the study zone, it has been collected in the Mexican state of Chiapas and in the Guatemalan departments of Chimaltenango and Huehuetenango (Fig. 26D). This species has also been reported from Mexico City and the Mexican states of Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Oaxaca, Puebla, Querétaro, Tlaxcala and Veracruz (Villaseñor 2016; Dávila et al. 2018; Sánchez-Ken 2019; Vigosa-Mercado and Ruiz-Sánchez, 2020), but these records correspond to misidentified specimens of A. tolucensis and A. turrialbae. Agrostis subpatens grows in open areas of temperate forests with Pinus and Juniperus, and in alpine grasslands (Fig. 27D).A
Tipo de vegetación
Pastizal alpino, Bosque de pinoA
Categoría IUCN
No incluidaC
Categoría NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010
No incluidaD
Conservación
Agrostis subpatens is known in the study zone from a few localities in southern Mexico and Guatemala. It is represented by seven collections, with several populations occurring in two protected areas. The EOO is 5,589 km2 and the AOO is 20 km2. Following the IUCN (2012) criteria, the preliminary assessment category is Endangered (EN).A
Discusión taxonómica
This species is similar to A. tolucensis and A. turrialbae, with which it shares the basal filiform leaves, as well as several leaf blade anatomy and lemma micromorphology characters. Agrostis subpatens differs from A. tolucensis in the less dense and often more open panicles, with pedicels usually longer than the spikelets (vs. usually dense and spiciform panicles, pedicels usually shorter than the spikelets in A. tolucensis). It differs from A. turrialbae in the awned lemmas and absent palea (vs. unawned lemmas, palea up to 0.2 mm long in A. turrialbae).
Phenology. Specimens with spikelets have been collected in January, August and September (Fig. 28D).A
Phenology. Specimens with spikelets have been collected in January, August and September (Fig. 28D).A
Bibliografía
A. Vigosa-Mercado, J. L., Delgadillo-Salinas, A., Alvarado-Cárdenas, L. O. & Eguiarte, L. E. 2023: Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. – PhytoKeys 230: 157-256. http://doi.org/10.3897/3897
B. Vigosa-Mercado, J. L., Delgadillo-Salinas, A., Alvarado-Cárdenas, L. O. & Eguiarte, L. E. 2023: Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. – PhytoKeys 230: 157-256. http://doi.org/10.3897/3897
D. SEMARNAT 2019: MODIFICACIÓN del Anexo Normativo III, Lista de especies en riesgo de la Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010: 101 pp. – https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5578808&fecha=14/11/2019#gsc.tab=0 [accessed 2023-05-04 06:16]
E. Dávila, P., Mejía-Saulés, M. T., Soriano-Martínez, A. M. & Herrera-Arrieta, Y. 2018: Conocimiento taxonómico de la familia Poaceae en México. – Bot. Sci. 96 (3): 462-514
F. IUCN 2012: Red List Categories and Cirteria: Versión 3.1. Second edition. Internationl Union for Conservation of Nature, Gland Switzerland, 1-32. https://portals.iucn.org/librari/node/10315
G. Luteyn, J. L. 1999: Páramos, a checklist of plant diversity, geographical distribution, and botanical literature. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden (Vol. 84). New York Botanical Garden, New York, 1-278.
H. Pohl, R. W. & Davidse, G. 1971: Chromosome numbers of Costa Rican grasses. – Brittonia 23(3): 293-324. http://doi.org/10.2307/2805632
I. Sánchez-Ken, J. G. 2019: Riqueza de especies, clasificación y listado de las gramíneas (Poaceae) de México Species richness, classification and a checklist of the grasses (Poaceae) of Mexico. – Acta Bot. Mex. 126: e1379. http://doi.org/10.21829/abm126.2019.1379