Bakerantha hidalguensis K.Romero, C.T.Hornung & I.Ramírez
Descripción
Plants acaulescent, 20–30 cm, 30–60 cm diam., forming colonies of 2 to 10 or more rosettes. Leaves 24 to 35 per rosette; sheaths 2–5 × 2–5.5 cm; blades 15–55 × 1.5–2.8 cm, pale green, adaxial surface sparsely to densely silvery-lepidote when sun-exposed, finely serrulate. Inflorescence 55–120 cm. Peduncle 17–77 cm, 0.4–1 cm diam. at base, green to purplish toward apex, internodes (1–)3–8.5 cm. Peduncle bracts long-attenuate to acuminate, (1–)3.5–13.1 × 0.5–1.6 cm, green to brownish, light brown when dry. Male inflorescence 1- to 2-divided, main axis 60–100 cm, internodes (1–) 1.5–5 cm; primary branches (3–)6–26.5(–30.5) cm, stipe 0.5–2(–4.2) cm; secondary branches (1–)3–8.5 cm. Floral bracts linear-triangular, acuminate, 1–2.5 × 0.5–1 mm, purplish to light brown. Pedicels 2.5–4(–7) mm. Flowers with sepals ovate, acute, 1.5–2.2 × 1.4– 1.8 mm, purplish; corolla campanulate; petals elliptic, acute, 4.5–6 × (1–)2–3 mm, lilac to mauve; stamens 4–4.5 mm; pistillode 1.4–2 × 1–1.5 mm, lilac. Female inflorescence 1-divided panicle, main axis 33–54 cm, internodes 1–4.4(–6) cm; primary branches (1.5–)4.5– 17 cm, stipe 0.3–1.2 cm, apex of branches not fully developing and bearing abortive floral buds. Floral bracts linear-triangular, acuminate, 1.2–2 × 0.5–1 mm, purplish to light brown. Pedicels 2–4 mm. Flowers with sepals ovate, acute, 1.6–2.4 × 1.1–2 mm, purplish; corolla campanulate; petals elliptic, acute, 4–5.5 × 2–3 mm, reflexed at anthesis, lilac to mauve; staminodes 1.6 × 0.5 mm; ovary ovoid, 2.6–3 mm, light green at base to purplish at apex or completely purplish; stigmatic lobes 0.8–1.5 mm. Fruit 8–11 mm, 4–5 mm diam.; seeds ca. 5 mm, body brown. A
Floración
Mar–JunA
Fructificación
Mar–MayA
Forma de crecimiento
Hierba Plants acaulescent.A
Ejemplar revisado
MEXICO. Hidalgo: Halbinger s.n. (GH); Mpio. Cardonal, Grutas de Tolantongo, 20°39′00.5″N, 99°00′18.3″W, 1327 m, 17 June 2019, Romero-Soler et al. 1268 (HGOM); Mpio. Eloxochitlán, San Miguel Almolón, Barranca de Metztitlán, ca. 3 km de S.M. Almolón a San Juan Amajac, 20°43′21.2″N, 98°55′16.4″W, 957 m, 18 Aug. 2018, Ramírez et al. 2360 ♀ fruits (HGOM); Mpio. Pacula, 20°57′31.9″N, 99°23′30.9″W, 778 m, 7 Dec. 2010, Hornung-Leoni et al. 1185 ♀, 1186 ♀ fruits (HGOM); río Moctezuma, 20°57′37.1″N, 99°23′27.6″W, 1076 m, 22–23 Mar. 2012, Hornung-Leoni 1291 ♂ (HGOM); Río Moctezuma, 20°57′37.1″N, 99°23′27.6″W, 1076 m, 4 May 2012, Hornung-Leoni 1292 ♀, 1293 ♀, 1294 ♀, 1296 ♀ (HGOM); 20°57′37.1″N, 99°23′27.6″W, 1076 m, 4 May 2012, Hornung- Leoni et al. 1390 ♀, 1392 ♀, 1391 ♂ (HGOM); 6.1 km de Hilojuanico vía Pacula, 21°01′36″N, 99°14′33″W, 1255 m, 4 May 2012, Ramírez et al. 1736 (CICY); Mpio. Jacala, 21°02′24″N, 99°16′06″W, [800 m], 6 Oct. 2011, Hornung-Leoni 1445 ♂ (HGOM); 21°01′56.3″N, 99°14′33.4″W, 1055 m, 20 June 2015, Hornung-Leoni 1470 ♂, 1477 ♂ (HGOM); 21°01′57.1″N, 99°14′33.4″W, 1055 m, Hornung-Leoni et al. 1471 ♀ (HGOM); 21°02′06.1″N, 99°15′11.7″W, 1052 m, 20 June 2015, Hornung-Leoni 1472 ♂ (HGOM); camino hacia Pacula a 7 km de Jacala, 21°02′06″N, 99°15′11″W, 1052 m, 20 June 2015, Romero-Soler et al. 1148 ♀ (CICY); Jacala– Pacula, 21°02′7.5″N, 99°15′11.4″W, 986 m, 17 June 2016, Ramírez et al. 2076 (CICY); carretera Jacala–Pacula, 21°02′08″N, 99°15′11″W, 1002 m, 17 Aug. 2018, Ramírez et al. 2349 ♀ fruits (CICY); Mpio. Zimapán, 20°47′39.4″N, 99°26′48.1″W, 1228 m, Hornung-Leoni et al. 1733 ♀ fruits (HGOM); Barranca de Tolimán, 20°47′52.1″N, 99°26′50.6″W, 1218 m, 2018, Ramírez et al. 2340a ♂, 2340b ♀ (CICY). Querétaro: Mpio. Jalpan de Serra, Las Adjuntas, confluencia entre los ríos Moctezuma y Estórax, [21°06′25″N, 99°23′26″W], 650–700 m, 14–15 May 1993, Zamudio 9085 ♂ (CICY, HUAA, IEB, QMEX, TEX, UAMIZ); cañada del río Estórax, cerca de Las Adjuntas con el río Moctezuma, 21°06′50″N, 99°24′39″W, 790 m, 11 Apr. 2007, Espejo et al. 6952 ♂ (UAMIZ); comunidad de Los Charcos, en el camino de Arroyo Chilares hacia el Río Estórax, 21°06′44.6″N, 99°26′14.6″W, 976 m, 12 June 2019, Romero-Soler et al. 1258 ♀ fruits (HGOM); Mpio. Landa de Matamoros, cerca del río Moctezuma, al S de Landa de Matamoros, [21°06′13″N, 99°25′06″W], 700 m, 7 June 1988, Carranza 572 ♀/♂ (ENCB, IEB, MEXU); cañón del río Estórax, cerca de Las Adjuntas con el río Moctezuma, [21°06′23″N, 99°23′27″W], 700 m, 18 Nov. 2000, Pérez et al. 4111 ♀ fruits (IEB, INEGI, MEXU, QMEX, UAMIZ, XAL); Mpio. San Joaquín, 2 km al O del Naranjo, 21°01′18.3″N, 99°27′06.9″W, 1117 m, 30 May 2005, Rojas 253 (INEGI). A
Elevación
650–1327 mA
Tipo de vegetación
Matorral de otro tipo, Bosque de neblina/mesófiloA
Tipo de vegetación (notas)
In xerophytic scrubs, and rarely low caducifolious forests. Collections in Hidalgo are located near touristic areas, human settlements, surface mining, and along roads. Collections made in Querétaro are currently found in river canyons surrounded by large vegetation patches, but they are threatened by urbanization and livestock. Populations of this species occur in areas prone to threats such as urbanization, road impacts, shifting agriculture, livestock, and surface mining, which will potentially destroy the original vegetation, having a negative impact on the quality of their habitat and the number of subpopulations.
Categoría IUCN
No incluidaC
Categoría NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010
No incluidaD
Conservación
The EOO is 1454.4 km2, within the threshold for Endangered status under subcriterion B1, and the AOO is estimated as 44 km2, which is below the threshold for Endangered status under subcriterion B2. Bakerantha hidalguensis is known from 32 collections representing 17 occurrences, and nine to 11 subpopulations, all made between 1988 and 2019. Collections in Hidalgo are located near touristic areas, human settlements, surface mining, and along roads. Collections made in Querétaro are currently found in river canyons surrounded by large vegetation patches, but they are threatened by urbanization and livestock. Populations of this species occur in areas prone to threats such as urbanization, road impacts, shifting agriculture, livestock, and surface mining, which will potentially destroy the original vegetation, having a negative impact on the quality of their habitat and the number of subpopulations. Consequently, these 17 occurrences represent seven locations (sensu IUCN, 2019) with regard to the most serious plausible threats (road impacts and urbanization). Bakerantha hidalguensis is therefore assigned a preliminary status of Vulnerable [VU B1ab(iii, iv)+2ab(iii, iv)].
Discusión taxonómica
Populations of this species were previously considered to be part of Bakerantha tillandsioides (Espejo-Serna et al., 2010, 2018, 2020; Ramírez-Morillo et al., 2018a). However, phylogenetic and species delimitation analysis based on molecular data retrieved these populations as part of a different lineage, which differs from the others in its morphological characters and the type of habitat where it grows (mostly semiarid vs. wetter environments). Morphologically, B. hidalguensis differs by having smaller rosettes with thinner, shorter leaves (1.5–2.8 × 15–55 vs. 3–6.5 × 60–185 cm). Also, when they grow on sun-exposed places, leaves become gray (more conspicuously abaxially) as they develop a dense layer of trichomes. The inflorescences are fewer-branched (1- to 2- vs. 2- to 3-branched), the pedicels are longer (2–4[–7] vs. 1–4 mm), the flowers have a campanulate corolla (vs. rotate), and the petals are 4–6 mm (vs. 3.5–4 mm) and lilac to mauve (vs. rose-pink to lilac) in color. A
Bibliografía
A. Romero-Soler, K. J., Ramírez-Morillo, I., Hornung-Leoni, C., González Ledesma, M. & al. 2024+: A taxonomic revision of the mexican genus Bakerantha hechtioideae, Bromeliaceae). – Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 109: 1-23. – Missouri Botanical Garden. http://doi.org/10.3417/2024840
B. Romero-Soler, K. J., Ramírez-Morillo, I., Hornung-Leoni, C., González Ledesma, M. & al. 2024+: A taxonomic revision of the mexican genus Bakerantha hechtioideae, Bromeliaceae). – Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 109: 1-23. – Missouri Botanical Garden. http://doi.org/10.3417/2024840
D. SEMARNAT: MODIFICACIÓN del Anexo Normativo III, Lista de especies en riesgo de la Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010, Protección ambiental-Especies nativas de México de flora y fauna silvestres-Categorías de riesgo y especificaciones para su inclusión, exclusión o cambio-Lista de especies en riesgo, publicada el 30 de diciembre de 2010. – https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5578808&fecha=14/11/2019#gsc.tab=0 [accessed 2023-12-10 15:14]