Bakerantha purpusii (Brandegee) I. Ramírez & K. Romero
Descripción
Plants caulescent, 27–32 cm, 20–50 cm diam., forming colonies of 2 to 10. Leaves 10 to 45 per rosette; sheaths 5–7.5 × 3.5–5 cm; blades (18–)25–50 × 1–1.5(–4.5) cm, light green, finely serrulate. Inflorescence 75–100 cm. Peduncle 20–50 cm, 0.3–0.7 cm diam. at base, light green to brownish toward apex, internodes 2.6–5.5 cm. Peduncle bracts long-attenuate to acuminate, 2–13 × 0.2–0.5 cm, green to yellowish. Male inflorescence 2-divided, main axis 42–60 cm, internodes 2.1–4.2 cm; primary branches 10–28 cm, stipe 2–4.2(–5.4) cm; secondary branches 2.7–10 cm. Floral bracts linear-triangular, acute, 1–1.5 × 0.5 mm, brownish. Pedicels 3–5 mm. Flowers with sepals ovate, acute, 1.2–2 × 0.6–1 mm, white to brownish; corolla rotate; petals widely elliptic, rounded, 4–5 × 1.5–2 mm, white; stamens 2.8–3.4 mm; pistillode 1 × 0.7–0.9 mm, white. Female inflorescence 2-divided panicle, main axis 50–75 cm, internodes 1–4.1 cm; primary branches 17–20 cm, stipe 0.5–3.4 cm; secondary branches 2.7–6.6 cm. Floral bracts linear-triangular, acute, 1.2–2 × 0.5–1 mm, green to brownish. Pedicels (1.5–)2– 3.3 mm. Flowers with sepals ovate to narrowly triangular, acute, 0.8–1.2 × 0.5–1.2 mm, white to greenish; corolla rotate; petals widely elliptic, rounded, 4–6 × 1.5–3 mm, recurved at anthesis, white; staminodes 2.5 × 0.5 mm; ovary ovoid, 4–5 mm, light green with purplish tints at apex or completely purplish, 33 to 35 ovules per ovary; stigmatic lobes ca. 1 mm. Fruit 5–6 (–10) mm, 2–3 mm diam.; seeds ca. 3 mm, body light brown. A
Forma de crecimiento
Hierba Plants caulescentA
Ejemplar revisado
MEXICO. Veracruz: Paso de la Milpa, Jalapa, Apr. 1884, Mexicana Cor. Geogr. 224 ♂ (F); Mpio. Comapa, Barranca de Panoaya, a 5 km al NO de El Coyol, 19°12′00″N, 96°43′00″W, 450 m, 30 Jan. 1986, Medina & Castillo 883 (XAL); Mpio. Jalcomulco, Coatepec, Ejido de Jalcomulco, 100 m antes de llegar a la Mesa del Barro, 19°22′00″N, 96°46′00″W, 600 m, 18 Sep. 1980, Castillo & Tapia 1141 ♀ fruits (XAL); Cerro de Achichuca, entre Jalcomulco y Tuzamapan, [19°22′32″N, 96°50′34″W], 600 m, 17 Apr. 1984, Castillo 3124 ♀ (XAL); 5 km al S de Santa María Tatetla, 19°15′3″N, 96°41′27″W, [440 m], 3 Sep. 1998, Castillo-Campos et al. 18247 ♀ fruits (IEB, MEXU, XAL); 1.5 km al NO del poblado de Jalcomulco, 19°20′47″N, 96°46′37″W, [588 m], 17 June 1998, Castillo-Campos et al. 17881 ♂/♀ fruits (IEB, MEXU, XAL); 4 km antes de Jalcomulco viniendo de Apazapan, 19°19′34.88″N, 96°43′36.19″W, 306 m, Mar. 2011, Ramírez & Carnevali 1621 ♂ (CICY, MEXU, SEL), 1667-B ♂ (CICY, MEXU, SEL, TEX); 4 km antes de Jalcomulco viniendo de Apazapan, 19°19′53″N, 96°43′19″W, 306 m, Mar. 2011, Ramírez et al. 787 ♂, 1854 ♂ (CICY); 2.5 km antes de llegar a Jalcomulco, 19°20′51.1″N, 96°46′51.6″W, 484 m, 9 Apr. 2016, Romero et al. 1195 ♂, 1191 ♀, 1192 ♀, 1194 ♀, 1196-A ♀ (CICY); Mpio. Puente Nacional, Barranca de Pachuquilla, [19°14′29″N, 96°36′32″W], 450 m, 14 Apr. 1990, Cházaro & Viveros 6211 ♂/♀ (MEXU, MICH, TEX, WIS, XAL); ca. 8.5 km después de Mata de Jobo, rumbo Santa María de Tatetla, 19°15′16″N, 96°41′19″W, 467 m, 22 Apr. 2004, Ceja et al. 1642 ♂ (CICY, UAMIZ), 1643 ♀ fruits (CICY, IEB, MEXU, UAMIZ); Barranca de Panoaya, 19°12′07″N, 96°40′25″W, 794 m, 25 Apr. 2004, López-Ferrari et al. 3120 ♀ fruits (UAMIZ); 5 km del entronque carretera Conejos–Totutla hacia Acazonica, barrancas al lado derecho 3 km antes de llegar a Acazonica, 19°13′33.4″N, 96°35′25.8″W, 194 m, 24 Apr. 2007, Ramírez et al. 1455 (CICY); florece en cultivo marzo 2019 ex Ramírez 1455, Romero 1257 ♂ (CICY); carretera Santa María Tetetla hacia Mata de Jobo, 5.5 km después de Santa María Tetetla, 19°15′31″N, 96°40′49″W, 369 m, 15 Sep. 2018, Romero et al. 1237 ♀ fruits (CICY); Mpio. Tlaltetela, Camino Santa Maria Tatetla–Coetzalan, 19°17′N, 96°41′W, 450 m, 12 Apr. 1983, Robles 85 ♂ (IBUG, XAL). A
Distribución
México (Country) endemicB: Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave present
Elevación
200–800 mA
Tipo de vegetación
Bosque de neblina/mesófilo Low caducifolious forests.A
Categoría IUCN
No incluidaC
Categoría NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010
No incluidaD
Conservación
The EOO is 463 km2, within the threshold for Endangered status under subcriterion B1, and the AOO is estimated as 48 km2, which is below the threshold for Endangered status under subcriterion B2. Bakerantha purpusii is known from only 26 collections representing 17 occurrences and 12 subpopulations, all made between 1884 and 2018. The oldest collection corresponds to a locality that we were not able to locate with precision, so it was not included in our analysis. Populations of this species grow along mountain slopes or open areas surrounded by large vegetation patches, but they are threatened by urbanization, tourism effects, road impacts, livestock, and shifting agriculture. In the near future these threats could have a negative impact on the quality of their habitat and number of its subpopulations. Consequently, these 17 occurrences represent 10 locations (sensu IUCN, 2019) with regard to the most serious plausible threats (road impacts and shifting agriculture). Bakerantha purpusii is therefore assigned a preliminary status of Vulnerable [VU B1ab(iii, iv)+2ab(iii, iv)]. A
Discusión taxonómica
Bakerantha purpusii was described as Hechtia purpusii by Brandegee (1920), based on a pistillate sample collected in Barranca de Tenampa (Veracruz) by Carl A. Purpus (Purpus 8420). Later, according to Smith (1951), the type specimen of H. purpusii, which consisted of small stamens and a large ovary, corresponded to the pistillate plant of B. tillandsioides, being proof of the dioecism of the species and key to its location within the genus Hechtia. Therefore, Smith placed H. purpusii as a synonym for H. tillandsioides (Smith, 1951; Smith & Downs, 1974). Another name in the taxonomic history of this species is H. lindmanioides L. B. Sm. This species was described by Smith (1937), based also on a pistillate sample collected by Frederik M. Liebmann (Liebmann 7951) in Barranca de Consoquitla (Veracruz). In more recent works, B. purpusii (≡ H. purpusii) has been treated as a different species from B. tillandsioides (≡ H. tillandsioides), and H. lindmanioides is considered a synonym (Espejo-Serna et al., 2004, 2005, 2020; Ramírez-Morillo et al., 2018a, 2018b; Romero-Soler et al., 2022a). Bakerantha purpusii differs morphologically from other Bakerantha species by having small caulescent rosettes with short internodes (vs. acaulescent in B. tillandsioides and B. hidalguensis), a short, twice-branched inflorescence in both sexes (vs. 2- to 3-divided in male inflorescences and 2-divided in female inflorescences in B. tillandsioides, and 3-divided in male inflorescences and 2- to 3-divided in female inflorescences in B. lundelliorum), and widely elliptic (vs. elliptic, or also oblong in B. lundelliorum) and white petals (vs. pinkish, mauve, or lilac). A
Bibliografía
A. Romero-Soler, K. J., Ramírez-Morillo, I., Hornung-Leoni, C., González Ledesma, M. & al. 2024+: A taxonomic revision of the mexican genus Bakerantha hechtioideae, Bromeliaceae). – Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 109: 1-23. – Missouri Botanical Garden. http://doi.org/10.3417/2024840
B. Romero-Soler, K. J., Ramírez-Morillo, I., Hornung-Leoni, C., González Ledesma, M. & al. 2024+: A taxonomic revision of the mexican genus Bakerantha hechtioideae, Bromeliaceae). – Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 109: 1-23. – Missouri Botanical Garden. http://doi.org/10.3417/2024840
D. SEMARNAT: MODIFICACIÓN del Anexo Normativo III, Lista de especies en riesgo de la Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010, Protección ambiental-Especies nativas de México de flora y fauna silvestres-Categorías de riesgo y especificaciones para su inclusión, exclusión o cambio-Lista de especies en riesgo, publicada el 30 de diciembre de 2010. – https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5578808&fecha=14/11/2019#gsc.tab=0 [accessed 2023-12-10 15:14]