Asplenium sessilifolium Desv.
Descripción
Roots wiry, fibrous, not proliferous; rhizomes erect; rhizome scales black to dark brown, clathrate, 2–3(–5) X 1–1.3 mm, with occasional teeth; fronds clumped, mostly 25–45 cm long; stipes dark reddish brown, dull, 3–10 cm X 0.5–1 mm, 1⁄6–1⁄4 of frond length, glabrous except for basal scales, with narrow wings 0.1 mm wide; blades herbaceous, mostly 20–40 X 2.5–5 cm, pinnatepinnatifid, pinnatifid at apices, most blades terminating in small scaly buds, linear-lanceolate, tapering proximally, stalked to 1 mm; rachises castaneous, dull, glabrous, adaxially with wings 0.1–0.2 mm wide; pinnae 22–50 pairs, 1.3–2.5 X 0.5–1.5 cm, sessile or stalked <1 mm, the most developed each with a single obovate or flabellate, nearly free superior basal segment, apices acute to acuminate, margins bicrenately toothed, crenate-serrate towards tips; veins mostly 5–8 pairs per pinna, simple except in basal acroscopic lobe, tips evident adaxially; indument abaxially of scattered, appressed, tan, clavate hairs 0.1–0.2 mm long; sori 2–8 pairs per pinna, on both sides of midveins, 0–3 on superior basal segments; indusia 1.5–3.5 X 0.4–0.6 mm, margins entire; spores reniform; 2n=72 (Chis, var. sessilifolium).A
Forma de vida
Terrestre, Epipétrica, EpífitaA
Elevación
700 – 3000 mA
Tipo de vegetación
Bosque de neblina/mesófilo, Selva altaA
Categoría IUCN
No incluidaB
Categoría NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010
No incluidaC
Discusión taxonómica
Key to the Mexican Varieties of Asplenium sessilifolium
Pinnae lanceolate, acute to acuminate at tips; pinnae ± deeply incised along acroscopic margins................................................................................................ var. occidentale.
Pinnae oblong, obtuse at tips; pinnae generally shallowly incised except for a single basal segment. ..................................................................................var. sessilifolium.
Asplenium sessilifolium var. sessilifolium Desv., Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 5: 322. 1811
Asplenium sessilifolium var. guatemalense Hieron., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34 (4): 461. 1904
Differing from var. occidentale by having oblong pinnae, these generally shallowly incised, (except for a single proximal nearly free segment) and with tips obtuse.
Distribution. Terrestrial, epipetric on wet rocks, or epiphytic, in wet montane and cloud forests; (900–)1600–3000 m. Mexico; Guat, Hond, Salv, CR, Pan; Col, Ec, Peru, Bol. Also reported from Hispaniola and Venezuela, by Adams (in Davidse et al., 1995: 320), and from Nicaragua by Gómez (1976: 53); identification of specimens from some of these areas is suspect.
Selected Specimens Examined. Chis (Breedlove 32036, DS, MEXU). Gro (Lorea 1642, FCME). Hgo (Pringle 8975, CAS, MO, NY, UC, US). Méx (Fernández N. 508, ARIZ, ASU, CHAPA, MEXU). Mich (Soto s.n., FCME). Oax (Wendt et al. 5024, CAS, CHAPA, MO, NY). Pue (Tenorio L. 12453, IEB, MEXU, XAL). Qro (Rubio 2104, IEB, MEXU). SLP (Rzedowski 10059, ENCB). Ver (Purpus 6054, MO, NY, UC, US).
Asplenium sessilifolium, a widespread species in the Neotropics, is intermediate in dissection between A. potosinum (1-pinnate) and A. muenchii (2-pinnate-pinnatifid to 3-pinnate). These three species, and also A. semipinnatum, belong to a natural group that may include also the nonproliferous species A. barbaense, A. miradorense, and A. seileri, as well as others. Asplenium sessilifolium, A. muenchii, and A. potosinum are usually proliferous by the production of buds (and ultimately plantlets) from axils of distal pinnae. However, specimens of A. sessilifolium from Costa Rica and Panama generally lack buds. Some specimens from Guatemala have pinnae more dissected than usual (var. guatemalense).
Asplenium sessilifolium var. occidentale A.R.Sm., Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 88: 124, f.44A. 2004
A var. sessilifolio pinnis lanceolatis, acutis vel acuminatis apice, ± profunde incisis secus marginem acroscopicum differt. (L. occidentalis, western, referring to the distribution of this variety in western Mexico.)
Distribution. Terrestrial or epipetric on mossy boulders, in wet woods and on cliff faces; (700–)1300–2300 m. Mexico.
Specimens Examined. Chih (McGill & Reeves R4937, ASU; Spellenberg & Miller 12029, UC). Dgo (Breedlove 44293, CAS, MEXU; Ownbey & Ownbey 1948, UC; Reeder & Reeder 2482, 2486, US, 2502, MEXU, US; Sánchez S. 748, 750, MEXU, US). Jal (McVaugh 14034, MEXU, US, 14245, US; Mexia 1397, MO, US, 1557, IEB, US). Méx (Hinton 3546, NY, 7360, ARIZ, MO, NY, US; Matuda 30029, US). Mich (Langlassé 803, MEXU, US). Oax (Calzada 19762, MEXU, 21352, MEXU, UC). Rev (Felger 15828, UC, US; Jarquín s.n., MEXU; Mason 1670, CAS, DS, MO, NY, UC, US; Moran 25510, MEXU). Sin (Breedlove 17106, CAS, NY, 35731, CAS, MO; Correll & Correll 28859, LL, US; Gentry 7275, ARIZ, CAS, DS, NY, UC, US, 7276, NY, UC, US; Lehto 24372, ASU; Ownbey & Ownbey 1940, 1948, US; Roberts & Keil 10218, NY). Son (Ferguson et al. s.n., ARIZ).
A
Pinnae lanceolate, acute to acuminate at tips; pinnae ± deeply incised along acroscopic margins................................................................................................ var. occidentale.
Pinnae oblong, obtuse at tips; pinnae generally shallowly incised except for a single basal segment. ..................................................................................var. sessilifolium.
Asplenium sessilifolium var. sessilifolium Desv., Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 5: 322. 1811
Asplenium sessilifolium var. guatemalense Hieron., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34 (4): 461. 1904
Differing from var. occidentale by having oblong pinnae, these generally shallowly incised, (except for a single proximal nearly free segment) and with tips obtuse.
Distribution. Terrestrial, epipetric on wet rocks, or epiphytic, in wet montane and cloud forests; (900–)1600–3000 m. Mexico; Guat, Hond, Salv, CR, Pan; Col, Ec, Peru, Bol. Also reported from Hispaniola and Venezuela, by Adams (in Davidse et al., 1995: 320), and from Nicaragua by Gómez (1976: 53); identification of specimens from some of these areas is suspect.
Selected Specimens Examined. Chis (Breedlove 32036, DS, MEXU). Gro (Lorea 1642, FCME). Hgo (Pringle 8975, CAS, MO, NY, UC, US). Méx (Fernández N. 508, ARIZ, ASU, CHAPA, MEXU). Mich (Soto s.n., FCME). Oax (Wendt et al. 5024, CAS, CHAPA, MO, NY). Pue (Tenorio L. 12453, IEB, MEXU, XAL). Qro (Rubio 2104, IEB, MEXU). SLP (Rzedowski 10059, ENCB). Ver (Purpus 6054, MO, NY, UC, US).
Asplenium sessilifolium, a widespread species in the Neotropics, is intermediate in dissection between A. potosinum (1-pinnate) and A. muenchii (2-pinnate-pinnatifid to 3-pinnate). These three species, and also A. semipinnatum, belong to a natural group that may include also the nonproliferous species A. barbaense, A. miradorense, and A. seileri, as well as others. Asplenium sessilifolium, A. muenchii, and A. potosinum are usually proliferous by the production of buds (and ultimately plantlets) from axils of distal pinnae. However, specimens of A. sessilifolium from Costa Rica and Panama generally lack buds. Some specimens from Guatemala have pinnae more dissected than usual (var. guatemalense).
Asplenium sessilifolium var. occidentale A.R.Sm., Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 88: 124, f.44A. 2004
A var. sessilifolio pinnis lanceolatis, acutis vel acuminatis apice, ± profunde incisis secus marginem acroscopicum differt. (L. occidentalis, western, referring to the distribution of this variety in western Mexico.)
Distribution. Terrestrial or epipetric on mossy boulders, in wet woods and on cliff faces; (700–)1300–2300 m. Mexico.
Specimens Examined. Chih (McGill & Reeves R4937, ASU; Spellenberg & Miller 12029, UC). Dgo (Breedlove 44293, CAS, MEXU; Ownbey & Ownbey 1948, UC; Reeder & Reeder 2482, 2486, US, 2502, MEXU, US; Sánchez S. 748, 750, MEXU, US). Jal (McVaugh 14034, MEXU, US, 14245, US; Mexia 1397, MO, US, 1557, IEB, US). Méx (Hinton 3546, NY, 7360, ARIZ, MO, NY, US; Matuda 30029, US). Mich (Langlassé 803, MEXU, US). Oax (Calzada 19762, MEXU, 21352, MEXU, UC). Rev (Felger 15828, UC, US; Jarquín s.n., MEXU; Mason 1670, CAS, DS, MO, NY, UC, US; Moran 25510, MEXU). Sin (Breedlove 17106, CAS, NY, 35731, CAS, MO; Correll & Correll 28859, LL, US; Gentry 7275, ARIZ, CAS, DS, NY, UC, US, 7276, NY, UC, US; Lehto 24372, ASU; Ownbey & Ownbey 1940, 1948, US; Roberts & Keil 10218, NY). Son (Ferguson et al. s.n., ARIZ).
A