Pecluma bourgaeana (E.Fourn.) L.A.Triana
Descripción
Rhizomes short-creeping, 5–12 mm diam.; rhizome scales reddish brown with blackish tips, lustrous, 2–3 X 0.5 mm, narrowly deltate, comose, entire; fronds 30–105 cm long, clumped; stipes reddish brown to black, 1/15–1/7 the frond length, with scattered to dense acicular hairs 1 mm, ctenoid hairs conspicuous; blades 8–18 cm wide, narrowly deltate to ovate-deltate, gradually reduced to auricles proximally; rachises abaxially lacking scales, with moderately dense septate hairs to 1 mm, also with tiny appressed ctenoid hairs; pinnae 4–9 cm X 6–9 mm, obtuse to acute, straight to subfalcate, equilateral at bases or surcurrent, costae of proximal pinnae at right angles to rachises; veins free, 1–3(–4)-forked; indument adaxially of scattered septate hairs 0.1–0.3 mm on costae, laminar surfaces glabrous, abaxially the costae sparsely to moderately hairy with septate hairs to 1 mm long, laminar surfaces between veins with scattered, appressed hairs 0.1 mm, also with short dense erect acicular hairs in an oblong patch around sori, margins with scattered hairs to ca. 0.5 mm; sori round or oblong, medial, with clavate, branched paraphyses 0.3 mm; sporangia usually lacking capsular hairs (Mexican specimens); spores reniform, 64 per sporangium; 2n=148 (SLP, Ver, Fla, Jam).A
Forma de vida
o Epipétrica. TerrestreA
Ejemplar revisado
(Relate to Pecluma ptilotos var. bourgaeana) Chis (Breedlove 21870, 22181, DS, NY). Hgo (Sánchez S. 442, US). Oax (Mickel 4819, ENCB, NY, UC, US). Pue (Ventura A. 21737, IEB, MEXU). Qro (Rzedowski 48179, IEB). SLP (Pringle 3974, ARIZ, DS, GH, MEXU, MO, NY, UC, US). Tam (Palmer 306, US). Ver (Ventura A. 9512, ASU, CAS, XAL, 12234, CHAPA, ENCB, IEB, XAL).
Unverified, Doubtful, or Mistaken Reports. Mich (Arsène 5253, MEXU, cited by Díaz-Barriga & Palacios-Rios, 1992, but not verified). Tab (reported by Magaña, 1992, as var. caespitosa, but not verified).A
Unverified, Doubtful, or Mistaken Reports. Mich (Arsène 5253, MEXU, cited by Díaz-Barriga & Palacios-Rios, 1992, but not verified). Tab (reported by Magaña, 1992, as var. caespitosa, but not verified).A
Elevación
200 – 1500 mA
Ecología y Hábitat
On fallen logs, slopes and steep ravines.A
Tipo de vegetación
Selva alta, Bosque de neblina/mesófilo, Bosque de pino-encinoA
Categoría IUCN
No incluidaB
Categoría NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010
No incluidaC
Discusión taxonómica
Este taxón fue interpretado por Evans (1968) como una de las cuatro variedades de Polypodium ptilodon, las cuales se caracterizan por la presencia de pelos circunsorales. Mickel y Smith (2004) propusieron una nueva combinación en Pecluma para este taxón, conservándolo en la categoría de variedad. Sin embargo, opinaron que la relación entre esta variedad y las suramericanas P. ptilodon var. pilosa y P. ptilodon var. robusta no era tan estrecha, y que incluso podrían corresponder a especies diferentes. Esta opinión fue materializada cuando Kessler y Smith (2005) elevaron a la categoría de especie a Pecluma pilosa y a P. robusta.
Estos cuatro taxones se incluyeron en un estudio filogenético para Pecluma (Triana-Moreno, 2009), en el cual se encontró que conforman un grupo parafilético. Al observar sólo el par P. ptilodon var. ptilodon y P. ptilodon var. bourgeauana se identifica el mismo comportamiento, lo cual permite inferir la independencia de estas entidades y, en consecuencia, sustenta el nuevo estatus de Pecluma bourgeauana.
D (In relation to Pecluma ptilotos var. bourgaeana) Pecluma ptilodon is unique among Mexican species in its oblong patch of erect hairs around the sori. In Mexico, it is likely to be confused only with P. consimilis, which see for discussion. Other distinguishing characteristics are the gradually reduced proximal pinnae (to mere semicircular lobes), lack of scales and presence of ctenoid hairs on the rachises abaxially, and the broad blades and broad pinnae with 2–3-forked veins. Breedlove 20964 and 27886, from Chiapas, cited as this species by Smith (1981), are P. consimilis. Variety ptilodon, from Peru and Bolivia, differs by having slightly longer stipes, larger fronds, smaller spores, and 2n=74. Two other South American varieties recognized by Evans (1968) appear more distantly related and possibly not conspecific.A
Estos cuatro taxones se incluyeron en un estudio filogenético para Pecluma (Triana-Moreno, 2009), en el cual se encontró que conforman un grupo parafilético. Al observar sólo el par P. ptilodon var. ptilodon y P. ptilodon var. bourgeauana se identifica el mismo comportamiento, lo cual permite inferir la independencia de estas entidades y, en consecuencia, sustenta el nuevo estatus de Pecluma bourgeauana.
D (In relation to Pecluma ptilotos var. bourgaeana) Pecluma ptilodon is unique among Mexican species in its oblong patch of erect hairs around the sori. In Mexico, it is likely to be confused only with P. consimilis, which see for discussion. Other distinguishing characteristics are the gradually reduced proximal pinnae (to mere semicircular lobes), lack of scales and presence of ctenoid hairs on the rachises abaxially, and the broad blades and broad pinnae with 2–3-forked veins. Breedlove 20964 and 27886, from Chiapas, cited as this species by Smith (1981), are P. consimilis. Variety ptilodon, from Peru and Bolivia, differs by having slightly longer stipes, larger fronds, smaller spores, and 2n=74. Two other South American varieties recognized by Evans (1968) appear more distantly related and possibly not conspecific.A