Anemia tabascana Carv.-Hern., E.E.Cord. & T.Krömer
Descripción
Rhizomes compact, ascending,7–11 mm diam.; rhizome hairs light brown, septate, ca. 1.3 mm long, similar hairs extending to less than half the stipe length, but a few on young fronds even toward distal portion of stipes; fronds erect, 50–90 cm long; stipes 20–43 cm long, ca. 1/2-1/3 of the blade,0.2-0.6 mm diam, stramineous, with a few persistent hairs, glabrescent on older fronds; blades narrowly deltate,1-pinnate, 20–48 cm long, 8–17 cm wide, tapering gradually to a non-conform apex, herbaceous; pinnae 10–14 pairs, 5–10 cm long, 1.5–3 cm wide, opposite to subopposite, each with a distinct costa, the proximal ones strongly in equilateral, excavate basiscopically, lanceolate to ovate, cuneate at basiscopic margin, rounded on acroscopic margin, short-stipitate1–3.5 mm, apices acute to obtuse, margins crenate to denticulate; veins all free, 2–3 times forked, prominulous adaxially; blade surfaces abaxially glabrous, with a few, minute light brown septate hair grouped along the axes and extending onto main pinna veins adaxially, these becoming shorter, falcate, more hyaline, and fewer toward the pinna margins on a few veins, even with a few falcate hairs to ca. 0.5 mm long midway between adjacent veins, glabrescent; fertile pinnae approximate to lowermost sterile pinnae, erect, arising at angles of 75° to 90° with respect to the rachis, petiolulate ca. 3–9 cm, 11–21 cm long, ca.1/3–1/2 to surpassing the sterile blades in length; spores striate, ridges smooth, closely spaced, without bacula.A
Forma de vida
TerrestreA
Ejemplar revisado
Tabasco: Mpio. Huimanguillo, Cerro Las Flores, perteneciente al ejido Villa de Guadalupe, entrando por Francisco Mújica, 650 m, 17° 22´ 36.7´´ N, 93° 38´ 12.25´´ W, 20 Sep 2017, C. I. Carvajal-Hernández et al. 1308 (CIB, MEXU, UAMIZ, UC, XAL); Cerro La Antena, perteneciente al ejido Villa de Guadalupe, entrando por la iglesia del ejido, pasando el pastizal, 400 m, 17° 21´ 0.634´´ N 93° 36´ 0.834´´, 25 Apr 2018, M. Campos- Díaz et al. 76 (MEXU, UJAT).A
Elevación
400 – 650 mA
Ecología y Hábitat
Slopes of hill, road banks.A
Tipo de vegetación
Selva altaA
Tipo de vegetación (notas)
It co-occurs with other fern species, such as Macrothelypteris torresiana (Gaudich.) Ching (naturalized), Pleopeltis astrolepis (Liebm.) E. Fourn., Pteris altissima Poir, Selaginella finitima Mickel & Beitel, Serpocaulon triseriale (Sw.) A. R. Sm., and Tectaria incisa Cav.A
Categoría IUCN
No incluidaB
Categoría NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010
No incluidaC
Discusión taxonómica
This new species is similar to Anemia phillytidis (L.) Sw. and Anemia X paraphyllitidis Mickel, but it differs by having free veins in the pinnae. From Anemia nicaraguensis Mickel, this new species is distinguished by having acute or subacute to obtuse pinnae tips, slight pubescence on stems and leaves, and the fertile pinnae not surpassing the sterile blade.
The form of the fronds and blades of A. tabascana is reminiscent of A. phyllitidis (Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Caribbean, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela) and A. paraphyllitidis (Caribbean, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Mexico, and Venezuela), which is the putative hybrid between A. phyllitidis and A. semihirsuta Mickel. All of these taxa have unlobed pinnae. However, both A. phyllitidis and A. X paraphyllitidis have a conspicuous indument along the rachises and stipes, in addition to anastomosing (reticulate) blade venation. This is contrary to A. tabascana, which has free venation and rachises and stipes with slight pubescence, concentrated at the junctions between pinnae and the rachis and the proximal part of the stipe. In the sum of its characters, A. tabascana may be most closely related to A. nicaraguensis (Mickel, 2016), which is known from only four collections from Nicaragua and three from Belize (Mickel, 2016). Anemia tabascana will key approximately to A. nicaraguensis in Mickel (2016), but the latter has 3–7 pairs of sterile pinnae, more rounded or subacute pinna tips, more equilateral proximal pinnae, and more numerous hairs on the stipes, rachises, and blades. Anemia nicaraguensis agrees with A. tabascana in having the fertile pinnae inclined away from the rachis at an angle (Mickel, 2016) and prominulous veins adaxially. Mickel (2016) compared A. nicaraguensis to both A. muenchii and to A. X paraphyllitidis (= A. phyllitidis X semihirsuta, having malformed spores), differing from both in having free veins. Spores of A. tabascana appear well formed and are different from those of A. nicaraguensis since they have ridges without bacula, contrary to the baculate crests of A. nicaraguensis (Mickel, 2016). In addition, A. tabascana has short fertile pinnae, generally less than half the blade length, and these arise at angles of 758 to 908 with respect to the rachis, compared to other Mexican Anemia species where the fertile pinnae surpass the blade length and are at smaller angles with respect to the rachis.A
The form of the fronds and blades of A. tabascana is reminiscent of A. phyllitidis (Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Caribbean, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela) and A. paraphyllitidis (Caribbean, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Mexico, and Venezuela), which is the putative hybrid between A. phyllitidis and A. semihirsuta Mickel. All of these taxa have unlobed pinnae. However, both A. phyllitidis and A. X paraphyllitidis have a conspicuous indument along the rachises and stipes, in addition to anastomosing (reticulate) blade venation. This is contrary to A. tabascana, which has free venation and rachises and stipes with slight pubescence, concentrated at the junctions between pinnae and the rachis and the proximal part of the stipe. In the sum of its characters, A. tabascana may be most closely related to A. nicaraguensis (Mickel, 2016), which is known from only four collections from Nicaragua and three from Belize (Mickel, 2016). Anemia tabascana will key approximately to A. nicaraguensis in Mickel (2016), but the latter has 3–7 pairs of sterile pinnae, more rounded or subacute pinna tips, more equilateral proximal pinnae, and more numerous hairs on the stipes, rachises, and blades. Anemia nicaraguensis agrees with A. tabascana in having the fertile pinnae inclined away from the rachis at an angle (Mickel, 2016) and prominulous veins adaxially. Mickel (2016) compared A. nicaraguensis to both A. muenchii and to A. X paraphyllitidis (= A. phyllitidis X semihirsuta, having malformed spores), differing from both in having free veins. Spores of A. tabascana appear well formed and are different from those of A. nicaraguensis since they have ridges without bacula, contrary to the baculate crests of A. nicaraguensis (Mickel, 2016). In addition, A. tabascana has short fertile pinnae, generally less than half the blade length, and these arise at angles of 758 to 908 with respect to the rachis, compared to other Mexican Anemia species where the fertile pinnae surpass the blade length and are at smaller angles with respect to the rachis.A