Pleopeltis polypodioides (L.) E.G.Andrews & Windham

Primary tabs

Pleopeltis polypodioides (L.) E.G.Andrews & Windham

Descripción

Rhizomes long-creeping, 1–2 mm diam.; rhizome scales imbricate, linear-lanceolate, 3–4 mm long, denticulate-ciliolate, strongly bicolorous with black centers and pale denticulate margins; fronds 5–25 cm long, distant; stipes less than half the frond length, with scales appressed, linear-lanceolate, peltate; blades oblong-deltate to linear-oblong, pinnatifid, truncate proximally, 1.5–6 cm wide; pinnae 6–13(–16) pairs, obtuse, bases dilated, coriaceous, curling on drying; abaxial surfaces with dense, round to ovate-lanceolate, peltate scales with dark centers and pale erosedenticulate margins; adaxial surfaces with few scales with strongly fimbriate margins; veins obscure; sori supramedial, partly embossed; sporangia glabrous.A

Forma de crecimiento

Hierba

Forma de vida

o epipétrica. EpífitaA

Nutrición

Autotrófica

Distribución

Caribe PresenteA, Centroamérica PresenteA, México (país) Nativo y no endémicoA, Sudamérica PresenteA

Elevación

50 – 1700 mA

Tipo de vegetación

No especificado

Tipo de vegetación (notas)

Mesic woods.A

Categoría IUCN

No incluidaB

Categoría NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010

No incluidaC

Estatus del taxón

(A) Como definida actualmente, probablemente una entidad natural (monofilética)

Discusión taxonómica

(In relation to the synonym Polypodium polypodioides) Weatherby (1939) recognized five varieties, of which three occur in Mexico; in addition, a new variety is described here. Polypodium polypodioides is distinct from small specimens of P. thyssanolepis by the narrow rhizomes and blades, more and narrower pinnae, and absence of hydathodes.

Key to the Mexican Varieties of Pleopeltis polypodioides:
Scales on abaxial laminar surfaces fimbriate-serrulate, non-acicular southern Mexico……var. Polypodioides
Scales of the abaxial laminar surfaces all acicular; Sin, Son, Chih....................var. knoblochiana

Pleopeltis polypodioides var. polypodioides (L.) E.G.Andrews & Windham, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19: 46. 1993
Polypodium polypodioides var. Polypodioides (L.) Watt, Canadian Naturalist II(13): 158. 1867
Polypodium incanum Sw., Prodr. [O. P. Swartz] 131. 1788

Distinct by the abaxial laminar scales being fimbriateserrulate, not acicular, and by the adaxial laminar surfaces being glabrous (or rarely with a few scales).

Distribution. Rare epiphyte at low elevations; 50–300 m. Mexico; Guat, Bel, Hond, Salv, Nic, CR, Pan; Bah, Gr & L Ant; Col, Ven, Trin.

Selected Specimens Examined Related to the Synonym Polypodium polypodioides var. Polypodioides. Chis (Gilly & Hernández X. 185, US). Oax (Hallberg 1481, NY; Martínez-C. 792, US; Mickel 5127, 5791, 5813, 6851, 7218, NY). Tab (Zamudio 476, MEXU). Yuc (Gaumer 1110, NY).
Unverified, Doubtful, or Mistaken Reports. Camp (Palacios-Rios et al. 3606, XAL, cited by Palacios-Rios, 2002a, but not verified). QR (Castillo R. & Tun G. 239, UADY, XAL cited by Palacios-Rios, 2002c, but not verified).

This variety (Polypodium polypodioides var. Polypodioides (synonym)) is distinguished by its fimbriate-serrulate, nonacicular abaxial laminar scales and its occurrence at low elevations (0–300 m). Breedlove 22432, DS, from Chiapas, combines the characters of three varieties: lamina glabrous above as in var. michauxianum, abaxial laminar scales fimbriate as in var. polypodioides, and with some abaxial laminar scales lanceolate at elevation of 700 m as in var. aciculare; 2n=148 (Jam, Trin).
Some specimens from Oaxaca and Chiapas appear intermediate with var. aciculare.

Pleopeltis polypodioides var. knoblochiana (Mickel) A.R.Sm. & Tejero, Bot. Sci. 92(1): 47. 2014
Polypodium polypodioides var. knoblochianum Mickel, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 88: 502 (-503; f.231M-R). 2004

Laminis abaxialiter paleis elongatis acicularibus densis obsita distincta. (Honoring the late Irving W. Knobloch, scholar of Chihuahuan ferns.)

Distinct by the abaxial laminar surfaces having only acicular scales, and by the adaxial laminar surfaces with sparse to scattered scales.

Distribution. On rocks. 1500–1700 m. Mexico.

(Specimens Examined in relation to the synonym Polypodium polypodioides var. knoblochianum) Chih (Knobloch 102, 115, 148, MSC, 5977, DS; Townsend & Barber 387, NY). Sin (Breedlove 17112, NY—intermediate with aciculare). Son (Lloyd 479, PH; Pennell 19651, CAS, 19669, PH; Phillips 515, MICH).

Var. knoblochiana is limited in its distribution to northwestern Mexico, being found primarily in Sonora and Chihuahua. No other varieties of P. polypodioides have been seen from those states.A

Bibliografía

A. Mickel, J. T. & Smith, A. R. 2004: The Pteridophytes of Mexico Vol. 88
B. IUCN 2022: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Versión 2022-2
C. SEMARNAT 2019: MODIFICACIÓN del Anexo Normativo III, Lista de especies en riesgo de la Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010: 101 pp. – https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5578808&fecha=14/11/2019#gsc.tab=0 [accessed 2023-05-04 06:16]