Pleopeltis polypodioides (L.) E.G.Andrews & Windham
Descripción
Rhizomes long-creeping, 1–2 mm diam.; rhizome scales imbricate, linear-lanceolate, 3–4 mm long, denticulate-ciliolate, strongly bicolorous with black centers and pale denticulate margins; fronds 5–25 cm long, distant; stipes less than half the frond length, with scales appressed, linear-lanceolate, peltate; blades oblong-deltate to linear-oblong, pinnatifid, truncate proximally, 1.5–6 cm wide; pinnae 6–13(–16) pairs, obtuse, bases dilated, coriaceous, curling on drying; abaxial surfaces with dense, round to ovate-lanceolate, peltate scales with dark centers and pale erosedenticulate margins; adaxial surfaces with few scales with strongly fimbriate margins; veins obscure; sori supramedial, partly embossed; sporangia glabrous.A
Forma de vida
o epipétrica. EpífitaA
Elevación
50 – 1700 mA
Tipo de vegetación (notas)
Mesic woods.A
Categoría IUCN
No incluidaB
Categoría NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010
No incluidaC
Discusión taxonómica
(In relation to the synonym Polypodium polypodioides) Weatherby (1939) recognized five varieties, of which three occur in Mexico; in addition, a new variety is described here. Polypodium polypodioides is distinct from small specimens of P. thyssanolepis by the narrow rhizomes and blades, more and narrower pinnae, and absence of hydathodes.
Key to the Mexican Varieties of Pleopeltis polypodioides:
Scales on abaxial laminar surfaces fimbriate-serrulate, non-acicular southern Mexico……var. Polypodioides
Scales of the abaxial laminar surfaces all acicular; Sin, Son, Chih....................var. knoblochiana
Pleopeltis polypodioides var. polypodioides (L.) E.G.Andrews & Windham, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19: 46. 1993
Polypodium polypodioides var. Polypodioides (L.) Watt, Canadian Naturalist II(13): 158. 1867
Polypodium incanum Sw., Prodr. [O. P. Swartz] 131. 1788
Distinct by the abaxial laminar scales being fimbriateserrulate, not acicular, and by the adaxial laminar surfaces being glabrous (or rarely with a few scales).
Distribution. Rare epiphyte at low elevations; 50–300 m. Mexico; Guat, Bel, Hond, Salv, Nic, CR, Pan; Bah, Gr & L Ant; Col, Ven, Trin.
Selected Specimens Examined Related to the Synonym Polypodium polypodioides var. Polypodioides. Chis (Gilly & Hernández X. 185, US). Oax (Hallberg 1481, NY; Martínez-C. 792, US; Mickel 5127, 5791, 5813, 6851, 7218, NY). Tab (Zamudio 476, MEXU). Yuc (Gaumer 1110, NY).
Unverified, Doubtful, or Mistaken Reports. Camp (Palacios-Rios et al. 3606, XAL, cited by Palacios-Rios, 2002a, but not verified). QR (Castillo R. & Tun G. 239, UADY, XAL cited by Palacios-Rios, 2002c, but not verified).
This variety (Polypodium polypodioides var. Polypodioides (synonym)) is distinguished by its fimbriate-serrulate, nonacicular abaxial laminar scales and its occurrence at low elevations (0–300 m). Breedlove 22432, DS, from Chiapas, combines the characters of three varieties: lamina glabrous above as in var. michauxianum, abaxial laminar scales fimbriate as in var. polypodioides, and with some abaxial laminar scales lanceolate at elevation of 700 m as in var. aciculare; 2n=148 (Jam, Trin).
Some specimens from Oaxaca and Chiapas appear intermediate with var. aciculare.
Pleopeltis polypodioides var. knoblochiana (Mickel) A.R.Sm. & Tejero, Bot. Sci. 92(1): 47. 2014
Polypodium polypodioides var. knoblochianum Mickel, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 88: 502 (-503; f.231M-R). 2004
Laminis abaxialiter paleis elongatis acicularibus densis obsita distincta. (Honoring the late Irving W. Knobloch, scholar of Chihuahuan ferns.)
Distinct by the abaxial laminar surfaces having only acicular scales, and by the adaxial laminar surfaces with sparse to scattered scales.
Distribution. On rocks. 1500–1700 m. Mexico.
(Specimens Examined in relation to the synonym Polypodium polypodioides var. knoblochianum) Chih (Knobloch 102, 115, 148, MSC, 5977, DS; Townsend & Barber 387, NY). Sin (Breedlove 17112, NY—intermediate with aciculare). Son (Lloyd 479, PH; Pennell 19651, CAS, 19669, PH; Phillips 515, MICH).
Var. knoblochiana is limited in its distribution to northwestern Mexico, being found primarily in Sonora and Chihuahua. No other varieties of P. polypodioides have been seen from those states.A
Key to the Mexican Varieties of Pleopeltis polypodioides:
Scales on abaxial laminar surfaces fimbriate-serrulate, non-acicular southern Mexico……var. Polypodioides
Scales of the abaxial laminar surfaces all acicular; Sin, Son, Chih....................var. knoblochiana
Pleopeltis polypodioides var. polypodioides (L.) E.G.Andrews & Windham, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19: 46. 1993
Polypodium polypodioides var. Polypodioides (L.) Watt, Canadian Naturalist II(13): 158. 1867
Polypodium incanum Sw., Prodr. [O. P. Swartz] 131. 1788
Distinct by the abaxial laminar scales being fimbriateserrulate, not acicular, and by the adaxial laminar surfaces being glabrous (or rarely with a few scales).
Distribution. Rare epiphyte at low elevations; 50–300 m. Mexico; Guat, Bel, Hond, Salv, Nic, CR, Pan; Bah, Gr & L Ant; Col, Ven, Trin.
Selected Specimens Examined Related to the Synonym Polypodium polypodioides var. Polypodioides. Chis (Gilly & Hernández X. 185, US). Oax (Hallberg 1481, NY; Martínez-C. 792, US; Mickel 5127, 5791, 5813, 6851, 7218, NY). Tab (Zamudio 476, MEXU). Yuc (Gaumer 1110, NY).
Unverified, Doubtful, or Mistaken Reports. Camp (Palacios-Rios et al. 3606, XAL, cited by Palacios-Rios, 2002a, but not verified). QR (Castillo R. & Tun G. 239, UADY, XAL cited by Palacios-Rios, 2002c, but not verified).
This variety (Polypodium polypodioides var. Polypodioides (synonym)) is distinguished by its fimbriate-serrulate, nonacicular abaxial laminar scales and its occurrence at low elevations (0–300 m). Breedlove 22432, DS, from Chiapas, combines the characters of three varieties: lamina glabrous above as in var. michauxianum, abaxial laminar scales fimbriate as in var. polypodioides, and with some abaxial laminar scales lanceolate at elevation of 700 m as in var. aciculare; 2n=148 (Jam, Trin).
Some specimens from Oaxaca and Chiapas appear intermediate with var. aciculare.
Pleopeltis polypodioides var. knoblochiana (Mickel) A.R.Sm. & Tejero, Bot. Sci. 92(1): 47. 2014
Polypodium polypodioides var. knoblochianum Mickel, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 88: 502 (-503; f.231M-R). 2004
Laminis abaxialiter paleis elongatis acicularibus densis obsita distincta. (Honoring the late Irving W. Knobloch, scholar of Chihuahuan ferns.)
Distinct by the abaxial laminar surfaces having only acicular scales, and by the adaxial laminar surfaces with sparse to scattered scales.
Distribution. On rocks. 1500–1700 m. Mexico.
(Specimens Examined in relation to the synonym Polypodium polypodioides var. knoblochianum) Chih (Knobloch 102, 115, 148, MSC, 5977, DS; Townsend & Barber 387, NY). Sin (Breedlove 17112, NY—intermediate with aciculare). Son (Lloyd 479, PH; Pennell 19651, CAS, 19669, PH; Phillips 515, MICH).
Var. knoblochiana is limited in its distribution to northwestern Mexico, being found primarily in Sonora and Chihuahua. No other varieties of P. polypodioides have been seen from those states.A