Pteris muricatopedata Arbeláez
Descripción
Rhizome stout, erect to short-creeping, scales 2-5.5 mm long, bicolorous, sclerotized center reddish brown, surrounded by golden-yellow unsclerotized tissue. Leaves 0.6-3 m long or longer; petiole 1-1.5 cm wide at the base and scaly, generally longer than lamina, completely smooth throughout its length, straw-colored to light brown; rachis generally rough on the abaxial side. Lamina pedate, at the central portion generally 1-pinnate-pinnatifid (rarely more divided), at the lateral portions (basal pinnae) 3-pinnate-pinnatifid; the basal pinnae once divided to form a basal inferior pinnule. Penultimate segments alternate, opposite, or subopposite, sharply pinnatifid to pinnatisect, widely cuneate at the base, long-acuminate at the apex, glabrous or minutely pubescent beneath. Ultimate segments decreasing uniformly in length from the base to the apex of the penultimate segments, the apex acute with sterile margins serrate, the costae and costules abundantly muricate with long projections (up to 1 mm long), covered mostly with deciduous golden-red hairs (few scales can be found); awns coriaceous on the adaxial side of the costae; ultimate segment venation completely free with all veins forked, extending from costule to the margin; sinus narrowly acute and uniform; indusium entire; paraphyses present.A
Ejemplar revisado
Chiapas: volcán Tacaná, 15°06’00” N, 92°05’24” W, 1 600-2 400 m, 19 Jun 1985, E. Martínez 13221 (MEXU, MO); Mun. Unión de Juárez, en el volcán Tacaná, por el camino de Talquián a la cima del volcán, por la línea divisoria con Guatemala, 1 700-2 200 m, 4 Feb 1987, E. Martínez et al. 19435 (MEXU). Oaxaca: municipio San Jerónimo Coatlán, distrito Miahuatlán, La Neblina, 17 km al SW de San Jerónimo Coatlán, brecha a Piedra Larga, 16°11’ N, 96°56’ W, 2020 m, 19 Mar 1988, A. Campos y R. Torres 1577 (MEXU).B
Elevación
1600 – 2400 mB
Categoría IUCN
No incluidaC
Categoría NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010
No incluidaD
Discusión taxonómica
Moran (1995) mentioned that in Pteris muricata recorded from Chiapas, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama, the spine length in the axis is markedly reduced in comparison with that of plants from South America. The author also mentioned that P. muricata presents variations in the degree of blade dissection. The information provided by Moran (1995) is interpreted as an indication that the taxon is in reality a species complex, later segregated by Arbeláez (1995, 1996) in the species previously mentioned.
In the Tropicos database there are also specimens identified as P. muricata from Mexico (D. Breedlove 34687, MO, det.: R. C. Moran, 1995) and Guatemala (P. Standley 83723, F, det.: R. C. Moran, 1995) (Tropicos, 2013).
Mickel and Smith (2004) recorded Pteris muricata Hook. from Mexico, Guatemala, and Nicaragua, but apparently the material from this distributional area corresponds to P. muricatopedata, because Mickel and Beitel (1988), Mickel and Smith (2004), and Gómez and Arbeláez (2009) described P. muricata as having a pedatepinnate blade and Moran (1995) mentioned that P. muricata has a tripartite blade (= pedate-pinnate), a character absent in P. muricata as defined by Arbeláez (1995, 1996). Also, the specimen E. Martínez 13221 (MEXU, MO) was examined and its collection corresponds to the second species. Additionally, all of the specimens of P. muricata previously recorded from Costa Rica and Panama are either P. muricatopedata or P. longipetiolulata. For this reason, P. muricata is probably present only in South America. As indicated by Arbeláez (1995), P. muricata has scandent leaves with pinnate blade architecture, the abaxial side of the costa is slightly muricate with very short projections, and the petioles are spinescent (e.g., M. Grant 10832, CR); furthermore, P. muricatopedata has no scandent blade with pedate-pinnate architecture and muricate stipe and rachis (e.g., E. Martínez 13221 (MEXU, MO).
B
In the Tropicos database there are also specimens identified as P. muricata from Mexico (D. Breedlove 34687, MO, det.: R. C. Moran, 1995) and Guatemala (P. Standley 83723, F, det.: R. C. Moran, 1995) (Tropicos, 2013).
Mickel and Smith (2004) recorded Pteris muricata Hook. from Mexico, Guatemala, and Nicaragua, but apparently the material from this distributional area corresponds to P. muricatopedata, because Mickel and Beitel (1988), Mickel and Smith (2004), and Gómez and Arbeláez (2009) described P. muricata as having a pedatepinnate blade and Moran (1995) mentioned that P. muricata has a tripartite blade (= pedate-pinnate), a character absent in P. muricata as defined by Arbeláez (1995, 1996). Also, the specimen E. Martínez 13221 (MEXU, MO) was examined and its collection corresponds to the second species. Additionally, all of the specimens of P. muricata previously recorded from Costa Rica and Panama are either P. muricatopedata or P. longipetiolulata. For this reason, P. muricata is probably present only in South America. As indicated by Arbeláez (1995), P. muricata has scandent leaves with pinnate blade architecture, the abaxial side of the costa is slightly muricate with very short projections, and the petioles are spinescent (e.g., M. Grant 10832, CR); furthermore, P. muricatopedata has no scandent blade with pedate-pinnate architecture and muricate stipe and rachis (e.g., E. Martínez 13221 (MEXU, MO).
B