Cheiloplecton rigidum Fée
Descripción
Rhizomes stout, ascending; rhizome scales concolorous, light brown, becoming dark brown to black with age, linear, 6–12 X 0.8–1 mm, varying in size down to hair-like scales 3–4 mm X 0.1 mm, somewhat oily-viscid; fronds to 40 cm tall, clumped; stipes 1⁄4–1⁄2 the frond length, castaneous, with multiple abscision zones at base, with scattered light brown, linear, filiform-tipped scales 4–8 X 1 mm, each with slightly auriculate to hastate base and long, multicellular hairs often with enlarged apical cell; blades broadly deltate to lanceolate, pinnate-pinnatifid except at base where often bipinnate-pinnatifid, pinnae with sparse nonarticulate hairs 0.5–1 mm long adaxially, mostly along margins and midribs, sparse to dense hairs and scales abaxially 2–5 X 0.1–1 mm; vein ends enlarged and conspicuous adaxially, especially visible on the recurved edges of pinnae; laminae coriaceous, margins strongly recurved; indusia strongly recurved, margins entire to papillate; spores tan, brown and black (mixed).
A
A
Forma de vida
Rupícola, TerrestreB
Distribución
México (país) Nativo y no endémicoA
Tipo de vegetación
Selva baja, Bosque de encino, Matorral espinoso, Matorral crassicauleB
Categoría IUCN
No incluidaC
Categoría NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010
No incluidaD
Discusión taxonómica
Key to the Mexican Varieties of Cheiloplecton rigidum
Blades bipinnate-pinnatifid at base, deltate, the basal pinna pair strongly exaggerated basiscopically; rhizome scales becoming dark brown with age, 6–7 mm long. .......................................var. rigidum.
Blades pinnate-pinnatifid, lanceolate; rhizome scales becoming black with brown base with age, 10–12 mm long. .....................................................................................................var. lanceolatum.
The existence of plants with intermediate blade form and well formed spores suggests that these extremes might be treated as varieties, rather than distinct species.
Cheiloplecton rigidum var. rigidum Fée, Mém. Foug., 7. Ic. Esp. Nouv. 34. 1857
Pteris cartilaginea C.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1: 57, t.9, f.3. 1825
Similar to var. lanceolatum except: rhizome scales smaller (6–7 mm long) and dark brown at maturity; fronds often larger (to 40 cm long); blades deltate, bipinnate-pinnatifid at base; hairs adaxially 0.5–0.8 mm long; laminae generally less hairy beneath (occasionally subglabrous); scales abaxially 2 X 0.1–0.3 mm.
Distribution. Rocky slopes, woods by river, mossy ledges, deciduous woodlands, some calcareous, gypsum and slate, igneous rocks; 100–1900 m. Mexico; Guat, Salv.
Selected Specimens Examined. Chih (Palmer s.n., US). Chis (Breedlove 36530, MEXU). Col (McVaugh 15523, MICH). Gro (Mexia 8826, NY). Gto (Ventura y López 7331, MEXU). Hgo (Fisher s.n., 11 Aug 1937, NY). Jal (Pringle 2602, MICH). Méx (Mickel 686, NY). Mich (Hinton 12229, NY). Mor (Storer 94, UC). Nay (Norris & Taranto 14042A, MICH). NL (Aguirre C. 510, ENCB). Oax (Mickel 6264, NY). Pue (Purpus 4177, NY). Qro (Rzedowski 51531, IEB). SLP (Pringle 3298, NY). Son (Martin et al. s.n., 13 Oct 1988, ARIZ). Tam (Yatskievych 83-331, ARIZ). Ver (Seaton 343, NY). Zac (Johnston et al. 12233, NY).
Unverified, Doubtful, or Mistaken Reports. Ags (García 4802, HUAA, and one other collections, cited by Siqueiros-Delgado & González-Adame, 2004, but not verified).
Some broad-bladed specimens have longer black rhizome scales and more heavily clothed abaxial blade surfaces. Whether these characters are variable or whether they represent intergradations with var. lanceolatum is not known.
Cheiloplecton rigidum var. lanceolatum C.C.Hall ex Mickel & Beitel, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 46: 124, fig. 1988
Rhizome scales concolorous, light brown, becoming black with brown base with age, sclerotic, linear, 10–12 X 0.8 mm, varying in size down to hair-like scales 4 X 0.1 mm, somewhat oily-viscid; fronds to 28 cm tall, clumped; stipes 1⁄4–1⁄2 the frond length, with multiple abscision zones at base, black, stout, clothed with light brown, linear, filiform-tipped scales 8 X 1 mm with slightly hastate base and long multicellular hairs, often with enlarged apical cell; blades pinnate-pinnatifid, narrowly oblong to lanceolate, broadest at the middle; pinnae with hairs and narrow scales abaxially 4–5 X 1 mm, sparse hairs 0.8–1 mm long adaxially, non-articulate; veins barely visible, vein endings enlarged and conspicuous adaxially, especially visible on the recurved edges of pinnules; laminae coriaceous, margins strongly recurved; indusia strongly recurved, top and bottom portions each 0.8 mm wide, margins fimbriate (to papillose), cells along recurved margins whitened; spores tan, brown and black (mixed); n=2n=90 (Pue), apogamous.
Distribution. Rocky slopes, in open to lightly wooded, dry to moist areas; 1050–1850 m. Mexico.
Selected Specimens Examined. Gro (Orcutt 4229, US; Rowell 4002, US). Jal (Puga 58, ENCB, 3313, IBUG). Oax (Breedlove 59778, CAS; Mickel 6289, NY). Pue (Purpus 1153, NY; Rzedowski 27891, ENCB, NY). SLP (Takaki 1751, UAMIZ). Sin (Breedlove 43884, MEXU).
The lanceolate, pinnate-pinnatifid blades distinguish this variety from var. rigidum. Black rhizome scales over 10 mm long are characteristic of var. lanceolatum, but are also found in some specimens of var. rigidum, which see for further discussion.
Intermediates with somewhat reduced blade bases or plants with mixed reduced and non-reduced blades are known from Hidalgo.
A
Blades bipinnate-pinnatifid at base, deltate, the basal pinna pair strongly exaggerated basiscopically; rhizome scales becoming dark brown with age, 6–7 mm long. .......................................var. rigidum.
Blades pinnate-pinnatifid, lanceolate; rhizome scales becoming black with brown base with age, 10–12 mm long. .....................................................................................................var. lanceolatum.
The existence of plants with intermediate blade form and well formed spores suggests that these extremes might be treated as varieties, rather than distinct species.
Cheiloplecton rigidum var. rigidum Fée, Mém. Foug., 7. Ic. Esp. Nouv. 34. 1857
Pteris cartilaginea C.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1: 57, t.9, f.3. 1825
Similar to var. lanceolatum except: rhizome scales smaller (6–7 mm long) and dark brown at maturity; fronds often larger (to 40 cm long); blades deltate, bipinnate-pinnatifid at base; hairs adaxially 0.5–0.8 mm long; laminae generally less hairy beneath (occasionally subglabrous); scales abaxially 2 X 0.1–0.3 mm.
Distribution. Rocky slopes, woods by river, mossy ledges, deciduous woodlands, some calcareous, gypsum and slate, igneous rocks; 100–1900 m. Mexico; Guat, Salv.
Selected Specimens Examined. Chih (Palmer s.n., US). Chis (Breedlove 36530, MEXU). Col (McVaugh 15523, MICH). Gro (Mexia 8826, NY). Gto (Ventura y López 7331, MEXU). Hgo (Fisher s.n., 11 Aug 1937, NY). Jal (Pringle 2602, MICH). Méx (Mickel 686, NY). Mich (Hinton 12229, NY). Mor (Storer 94, UC). Nay (Norris & Taranto 14042A, MICH). NL (Aguirre C. 510, ENCB). Oax (Mickel 6264, NY). Pue (Purpus 4177, NY). Qro (Rzedowski 51531, IEB). SLP (Pringle 3298, NY). Son (Martin et al. s.n., 13 Oct 1988, ARIZ). Tam (Yatskievych 83-331, ARIZ). Ver (Seaton 343, NY). Zac (Johnston et al. 12233, NY).
Unverified, Doubtful, or Mistaken Reports. Ags (García 4802, HUAA, and one other collections, cited by Siqueiros-Delgado & González-Adame, 2004, but not verified).
Some broad-bladed specimens have longer black rhizome scales and more heavily clothed abaxial blade surfaces. Whether these characters are variable or whether they represent intergradations with var. lanceolatum is not known.
Cheiloplecton rigidum var. lanceolatum C.C.Hall ex Mickel & Beitel, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 46: 124, fig. 1988
Rhizome scales concolorous, light brown, becoming black with brown base with age, sclerotic, linear, 10–12 X 0.8 mm, varying in size down to hair-like scales 4 X 0.1 mm, somewhat oily-viscid; fronds to 28 cm tall, clumped; stipes 1⁄4–1⁄2 the frond length, with multiple abscision zones at base, black, stout, clothed with light brown, linear, filiform-tipped scales 8 X 1 mm with slightly hastate base and long multicellular hairs, often with enlarged apical cell; blades pinnate-pinnatifid, narrowly oblong to lanceolate, broadest at the middle; pinnae with hairs and narrow scales abaxially 4–5 X 1 mm, sparse hairs 0.8–1 mm long adaxially, non-articulate; veins barely visible, vein endings enlarged and conspicuous adaxially, especially visible on the recurved edges of pinnules; laminae coriaceous, margins strongly recurved; indusia strongly recurved, top and bottom portions each 0.8 mm wide, margins fimbriate (to papillose), cells along recurved margins whitened; spores tan, brown and black (mixed); n=2n=90 (Pue), apogamous.
Distribution. Rocky slopes, in open to lightly wooded, dry to moist areas; 1050–1850 m. Mexico.
Selected Specimens Examined. Gro (Orcutt 4229, US; Rowell 4002, US). Jal (Puga 58, ENCB, 3313, IBUG). Oax (Breedlove 59778, CAS; Mickel 6289, NY). Pue (Purpus 1153, NY; Rzedowski 27891, ENCB, NY). SLP (Takaki 1751, UAMIZ). Sin (Breedlove 43884, MEXU).
The lanceolate, pinnate-pinnatifid blades distinguish this variety from var. rigidum. Black rhizome scales over 10 mm long are characteristic of var. lanceolatum, but are also found in some specimens of var. rigidum, which see for further discussion.
Intermediates with somewhat reduced blade bases or plants with mixed reduced and non-reduced blades are known from Hidalgo.
A