Woodwardia Sm.
Descripción
Rhizomes commonly short, stout, compact, ascending to suberect (long-creeping in some species of swampy areas), often with abundant, large, entire, nearly concolorous scales; fronds medium-sized to large, firm, evergreen, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, monomorphic; stipes stramineous to tan, scaly at least at base and sometimes distally; blades pinnate-pinnatifid to bipinnate, 1-pinnate-bipinnatifid, or bipinnatifid, margins entire to spinulose; vegetative buds on blades present or absent (ours); rachises and costae scaly to glabrescent abaxially; veins netted in both fertile and sterile blades, without included free veinlets, forming a regular series of areoles along costae and costules, otherwise free or netted toward the margin; sori appearing costal (or costular) on each side of the costae (and/or costules), in chain-like rows or sometimes appearing confluent and longlinear, borne on the outer arc of costal areoles, protected by indusia attached just outside of the sorus (opening toward the costae); spores bilateral, with perine irregularly folded; x=34 (35 in the segregate Anchistea).A
Forma de vida
TerrestreA
Distribución
México (país) Nativo y no endémicoA
Categoría IUCN
No incluidaB
Categoría NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010
No incluidaC
Discusión taxonómica
Woodwardia is a largely north-temperate and amphioceanic genus of 13 species, roughly divided between the OldWorld and New World, mostly in eastern Asia and United States/Mexico, plus one on Atlantic Ocean islands. The species in neotropical areas occur at middle to high elevations, usually above 1500 m. Woodwardia has blechnoid affinities and is basal in the family Blechnaceae (Cranfill, 2001), differing from Blechnum in the interrupted costal sori and more strongly areolate venation. The generic description above does not include the dimorphic segregate Lorinseria areolata (L.) C. Presl (Woodwardia areolata (L.) T. Moore) of the eastern United States, but does include Woodwardia virginica (L.) Sm., often segregated as Anchistea virginica (L.) C. Presl; the latter is a rather isolated element in the genus and is confined to the eastern United States and southeastern Canada, primarily in the coastal plain.A