Blechnum appendiculatum Willd.
Descripción
Similar to Blechnum occidentale except: stipes (3.5–)5–25 cm long, 1⁄3–1⁄2 the frond length; blades 7–23 X 3.5–8(–11) cm; rachises moderately to densely hairy with sticky, septate hairs 0.2–0.8 mm long; largest pinnae (1–)2–4(–8) cm X (4–)6–8 mm, abaxially glabrous or with hairs at pinna bases; 2n=124 (Fla, Oax, Chis, Jam).A
Forma de vida
TerrestreA
Ejemplar revisado
Chis (Breedlove 23310, DS, MEXU, NY). Col (Sanders 10366, UC). DF (Lyonnet 2125, DS, UC). Gro (Mexia 9047, CAS, UC). Hgo (Arreguín 1032, ENCB, MEXU). Jal (Iltis & Guzmán M. 29082, UC). Méx (Hinton 2572, NY). Mich (Hinton 13443, CAS, NY). Mor (Copeland herb. 48, UC). Nay (Ferris 5979, DS). Oax (Mickel 3745, NY, UC). Pue (Ramos & Fernández R-3, NY). Qro (Zamudio 6925, IEB). SLP (Harriman 12207, NY). Tam (Dressler 2020, UC). Tlax (Velázquez s.n., 9 Nov 1977, ENCB, IEB, MEXU). Ver (Purpus 1969, NY, UC).A
Elevación
(400 –)700 – 2550 mA
Ecología y Hábitat
Along roadsides and stream banks.A
Tipo de vegetación
Bosque de neblina/mesófilo, Bosque de pino-encinoA
Categoría IUCN
No incluidaB
Categoría NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010
No incluidaC
Discusión taxonómica
The non-adnate proximal pinnae, which are only slightly reduced, pinnatifid apices, and moderately to densely hairy rachises distinguish this species in the B. occidentale complex. See discussion under B. gracile, B. occidentale, and B. polypodioides for further differences.
Several putative hybrids appear to involve B. appendiculatum. Blechnum appendiculatum X gracile: Chis (Breedlove 22456, DS, NY); Oax (Hallberg 1292, NY). In Mexico, this hybrid occurs at low elevations (300–700 m). Hybrids between B. appendiculatum and B. gracile have fertile fronds much narrower than the sterile, subconform blade apices, 8–10 pinna pairs, and malformed spores; they are known from Mexico, Central America (e.g., Guatemala: Bernoulli 456, NY), and South America, and occur at generally lower elevations than B. appendiculatum.
Mickel and Beitel (1988) and Mickel (1992) cited several collections as representing the hybrid Blechnum appendiculatum X polypodioides: Jal (Mexia 1336, NY); Gro (Langlassé 671, US); Mor (Rose & Painter 7270, NY); and Ver (Purpus 1969, NY). At least some of these now seem to us like merely small specimens of B. appendiculatum, e.g., Mexia 1336 and Rose & Painter 7270. The Mexia collection in various herbaria has mostly well formed spores. Another collection that may indeed be this hybrid is Breedlove 44609(CAS), from Nayarit, 2100 m. It has 2–3 pairs of reduced proximal pinnae and non-sulcate costae adaxially, like B. polypodioides, but the pinnae are closely placed (even overlapping) and rounded at apices, more like B. appendiculatum; there is also a high percentage of malformed spores, 50%.
Chromosome counts for B. appendiculatum indicate that it, like B. occidentale, is tetraploid. Both Mexican vouchers reported by Smith and Mickel (1977) as B. occidentale, from Chiapas and Oaxaca, we now identify as B. appendiculatum.
See under B. occidentale for discussion of putative hybrids with that species.A
Several putative hybrids appear to involve B. appendiculatum. Blechnum appendiculatum X gracile: Chis (Breedlove 22456, DS, NY); Oax (Hallberg 1292, NY). In Mexico, this hybrid occurs at low elevations (300–700 m). Hybrids between B. appendiculatum and B. gracile have fertile fronds much narrower than the sterile, subconform blade apices, 8–10 pinna pairs, and malformed spores; they are known from Mexico, Central America (e.g., Guatemala: Bernoulli 456, NY), and South America, and occur at generally lower elevations than B. appendiculatum.
Mickel and Beitel (1988) and Mickel (1992) cited several collections as representing the hybrid Blechnum appendiculatum X polypodioides: Jal (Mexia 1336, NY); Gro (Langlassé 671, US); Mor (Rose & Painter 7270, NY); and Ver (Purpus 1969, NY). At least some of these now seem to us like merely small specimens of B. appendiculatum, e.g., Mexia 1336 and Rose & Painter 7270. The Mexia collection in various herbaria has mostly well formed spores. Another collection that may indeed be this hybrid is Breedlove 44609(CAS), from Nayarit, 2100 m. It has 2–3 pairs of reduced proximal pinnae and non-sulcate costae adaxially, like B. polypodioides, but the pinnae are closely placed (even overlapping) and rounded at apices, more like B. appendiculatum; there is also a high percentage of malformed spores, 50%.
Chromosome counts for B. appendiculatum indicate that it, like B. occidentale, is tetraploid. Both Mexican vouchers reported by Smith and Mickel (1977) as B. occidentale, from Chiapas and Oaxaca, we now identify as B. appendiculatum.
See under B. occidentale for discussion of putative hybrids with that species.A